The Impact of Foreclosures on Neighboring Housing Sales

Housing foreclosures likely have little neighborhood impacts if there are few foreclosures in a neighborhood and the foreclosed housing can resell quickly. However, when there are both many foreclosures and a sluggish housing market, foreclosures can lead to neighborhood destabilization, which should cause house prices to further fall. This paper measures the impact of foreclosures on housing sales using a unique dataset from St. Louis County, Missouri. Results show an expected decline the sales price of neighboring sales but the marginal impact of foreclosures seems to decline with an increase in the number of foreclosures. These results are robust to a variety of neighborhood control variables and spatial econometric techniques.

Evaluating Understanding of Popular Press Reports of Health Research

This research assessed the ability of a sample of persons on a college campus to understand media reports of health research. Three or four articles on each of five contemporary health topics (dietary cholesterol and heart disease, treatment for breast cancer, starch blockers, drug treatment for heart disease, test tube skin) were selected from widely circulated newspapers (e.g., New York Times ) and magazines (e.g., News- week). A sample of 144 college students responded to content-based and application- based questions derived from photocopies of these popular press articles. The overall rate of reader misunderstanding approached 40% and generally fell beween one third and one half for each of 16 articles representing five health topics. Several strengths and weaknesses of the research are considered as they relate to the accuracy of estimated error rates and to the generality of study findings. The implications of these findings for other areas of health (e.g., AIDS risk factor research) are also discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67147/2/10.1177_109019819001700208.pd

Summary of a Crew-Centered Flight Deck Design Philosophy for High-Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) Aircraft

Past flight deck design practices used within the U.S. commercial transport aircraft industry have been highly successful in producing safe and efficient aircraft. However, recent advances in automation have changed the way pilots operate aircraft, and these changes make it necessary to reconsider overall flight deck design. Automated systems have become more complex and numerous, and often their inner functioning is partially or fully opaque to the flight crew. Recent accidents and incidents involving autoflight system mode awareness Dornheim, 1995) are an example. This increase in complexity raises pilot concerns about the trustworthiness of automation, and makes it difficult for the crew to be aware of all the intricacies of operation that may impact safe flight. While pilots remain ultimately responsible for mission success, performance of flight deck tasks has been more widely distributed across human and automated resources. Advances in sensor and data integration technologies now make far more information available than may be prudent to present to the flight crew

A principled approach to the measurement of situation awareness in commercial aviation

The issue of how to support situation awareness among crews of modern commercial aircraft is becoming especially important with the introduction of automation in the form of sophisticated flight management computers and expert systems designed to assist the crew. In this paper, cognitive theories are discussed that have relevance for the definition and measurement of situation awareness. These theories suggest that comprehension of the flow of events is an active process that is limited by the modularity of attention and memory constraints, but can be enhanced by expert knowledge and strategies. Three implications of this perspective for assessing and improving situation awareness are considered: (1) Scenario variations are proposed that tax awareness by placing demands on attention; (2) Experimental tasks and probes are described for assessing the cognitive processes that underlie situation awareness; and (3) The use of computer-based human performance models to augment the measures of situation awareness derived from performance data is explored. Finally, two potential example applications of the proposed assessment techniques are described, one concerning spatial awareness using wide field of view displays and the other emphasizing fault management in aircraft systems

Design and management considerations for subsurface drip irrigation systems

Presented at the Central Plains irrigation short course and exposition on February 17-18, 1998 at the Camino Inn in North Platte, Nebraska

Design and management considerations for subsurface drip irrigation systems

Presented at the 15th annual Central Plains irrigation conference and exposition proceedings on February 4-5, 2003 at the City Limits Convention Center in Colby, Kansas.Includes bibliographical references

Design and management considerations for subsurface drip irrigation systems

Presented at the Central Plains irrigation short course and exposition on February 4, 1997 at the Colby Community Building in Colby, Kansas